气浮机是一种利用微细气泡实现固液分离的水处理设备，通过浮力原理使密度小于水的悬浮物上浮至水面，从而达到净化水质的目的1。以下是其核心要点：
一、分类与结构
1.主要类型
超效浅层气浮机：基于“浅池理论”和“零速原理”，停留时间仅3-5分钟，悬浮物去除率可达90%-99.5%。
溶气气浮机：分为平流式、上流式和综合式，核心设备包括溶气罐、释放器及气泡发射器，气泡直径20-100μm。
涡凹气浮机：通过高速旋转曝气叶轮（2900转/分钟）切割气泡，形成微小气泡。
2.关键组件
溶气系统（溶气罐、空压机）、刮渣机、电控系统及斜管组（增强分离效率）。
二、工作原理
.溶气水生成：水泵将水与空气加压至溶气罐，形成过饱和溶气水。
.气泡释放：溶气水经释放器进入气浮池，压力骤降使气泡析出并附着于悬浮物。
.分离过程：气泡-絮体结合后上浮形成浮渣层，重颗粒沉淀，最终通过刮渣机清除。
三、应用领域
工业废水：处理造纸、印染、电镀等行业的油脂、胶状物及重金属离子。
市政污水：去除生活污水中的悬浮物和有机物，提升水质。
特殊场景：适用于低温或低浊度水体，弥补传统沉淀法的不足。
Air flotation machine is a water treatment equipment that uses fine bubbles to achieve solid-liquid separation. It uses the principle of buoyancy to make suspended solids with a density lower than water float to the water surface, thereby achieving the goal of purifying water quality. The following are its core points:
一、 Classification and Structure
1. Main types
Ultra efficient shallow air flotation machine: Based on the "shallow pool theory" and "zero velocity principle", the residence time is only 3-5 minutes, and the suspended solids removal rate can reach 90% -99.5%.
Dissolved air flotation machine: divided into horizontal flow, upward flow, and comprehensive types, the core equipment includes dissolved air tank, release device, and bubble emitter, with bubble diameter of 20-100 μ m.
Vortex concave air flotation machine: Cutting bubbles by high-speed rotating aeration impeller (2900 revolutions per minute) to form tiny bubbles.
2. Key components
Dissolved gas system (dissolved gas tank, air compressor), scraper, electric control system, and inclined tube group (to enhance separation efficiency).
二、 Working principle
Dissolved gas water generation: The water pump pressurizes water and air into the dissolved gas tank, forming supersaturated dissolved gas water.
Bubble release: Dissolved water enters the air flotation tank through a release device, and the sudden drop in pressure causes bubbles to precipitate and adhere to suspended solids.
Separation process: After the combination of bubbles and flocs, a floating slag layer is formed, heavy particles precipitate, and finally removed by a scraper.
三、 Application Fields
Industrial wastewater: Treatment of oils, colloids, and heavy metal ions from industries such as papermaking, printing and dyeing, and electroplating.
Municipal sewage: Remove suspended solids and organic matter from domestic sewage to improve water quality.
Special scenario: Suitable for low temperature or low turbidity water bodies, compensating for the shortcomings of traditional sedimentation methods.
